SYLLABUS

GS-3: Science and Technology- Developments and their Applications and Effects in Everyday Life; Indigenization of Technology and Developing New Technology. 

Context: India and the UK are set to sign an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) to jointly develop Integrated Full Electric Propulsion (IFEP) technology for four Landing Platform Docks (LPDs) planned for the Indian Navy.

More on the News

• India and the UK are expected to sign the IGA shortly, building on the Statement of Intent (SoI) signed in November 2024 on cooperation in designing and developing electric-propulsion systems for the Indian Navy. 

• The proposed cooperation covers four LPDs to be built at an Indian shipyard, envisaged to have a full-electric propulsion architecture. 

• GE Vernova and Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) are to establish India’s first maritime land-based testing facility for IFEP, enabling the system to be developed and tested before installation on naval platforms. 

• The proposed IGA represents the next step in implementing the broader India–UK framework for co-design, co-creation and co-production of electric-propulsion capabilities. 

Understanding Integrated Full Electric Propulsion (IFEP)

• Integrated Power Architecture: IFEP integrates the ship’s power-generation, distribution and propulsion systems, allowing electricity generated onboard to be supplied to both propulsion and other major mission loads. 

• Power Management Flexibility: Unlike conventional mechanical propulsion, the integrated electrical architecture allows available power to be allocated flexibly according to operational requirements, supporting efficient utilisation of the ship’s overall power capacity. 

• Support for Advanced Systems: The architecture can accommodate growing power requirements of advanced sensors, electronic warfare systems and other high-power mission systems, making it particularly relevant to next-generation naval platforms. 

• India’s Current Position: Indian naval vessels have traditionally relied on diesel engines, gas turbines or steam turbines for propulsion; the proposed programme would help introduce advanced electric-propulsion capability into future large naval platforms. 

Key Features of the India–UK Cooperation

• Co-design and Co-production: The 2024 SoI provides a broader framework for co-design, co-creation and co-production of electric-propulsion capabilities for future Indian naval ships, with the LPDs envisaged as an initial application. 

• Land-Based Testing Facility: GE Vernova and BHEL are to establish India’s first maritime land-based testing facility, enabling the integrated propulsion architecture to be developed and validated on land before deployment on naval platforms. 

• Indigenous Shipbuilding: The four LPDs are planned to be built at an Indian shipyard, linking advanced propulsion development with India’s domestic naval shipbuilding ecosystem. 

• Future Applications: India and the UK are also discussing the possible retrofitting of selected legacy naval ships with electric propulsion, although this remains under consideration rather than a confirmed programme. 

Significance for India

• Naval Technology Self-Reliance: Developing IFEP capability in India can strengthen indigenous expertise in a strategically important naval propulsion technology and reduce dependence on imported propulsion solutions over time. 

• Next-Generation Warfighting: Integrated power management can support the increasing electricity requirements of advanced sensors, electronic warfare and other high-power systems, providing greater flexibility for future warship design. 

• Technology Absorption: Cooperation with the UK, which has extensive experience in electric propulsion on sophisticated naval platforms, can help India build domestic capabilities in system design, integration, testing and lifecycle support. 

• Strengthening Shipbuilding Ecosystem: Linking IFEP development with Indian shipyards and BHEL can deepen domestic capabilities in marine electrical engineering, power conversion, system integration and specialised manufacturing. 

• Future Fleet Modernisation: Experience from the initial LPD programme can provide a technological foundation for future large naval platforms and, where technically feasible, the adoption of electric propulsion on selected existing vessels.