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SYLLABUS
GS-2: Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
GS-3: Issues of buffer stocks and food security
Context: Recently, The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025 highlighted that India has the highest rate of wasting in the world.
More on the News
• The report was launched during the Second UN Food Systems Summit Stocktake (UNFSS+4) in Addis Ababa, SOFI 2025.
The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025
• SOFI 2025 presents the latest data and analysis on hunger, food security and nutrition worldwide, including updated estimates on the cost and affordability of healthy diets.
• This report is the annual global monitoring report for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 targets
• The report was jointly prepared by:
Key highlights of the Report
Global Hunger and Food Insecurity Trends
• Hunger affected 8.2% of the global population (673 million people), declining from 8.5% in 2023.
• Declines observed in South-eastern Asia, Southern Asia, South America but hunger rose in Africa and Western Asia.
• Regional data:
• Projected Hunger (2030): 512 million people, 60% in Africa.
Food Affordability
• Food Insecurity Prevalence: Around 2.3 billion people (28% of the global population) experienced moderate or severe food insecurity in 2024.
• The cost of a healthy diet increased to $4.46 (PPP) per person per day in 2024.
• Affordability Trends: The number of people unable to afford a healthy diet declined globally from 2.76 billion (2019) to 2.60 billion (2024).
Child and Women Nutrition Indicators
• Child stunting declined from 26.4% (2012) to 23.2% (2024).
• Child wasting remained stable at 6.6%.
• Exclusive breastfeeding improved to 47.8% in 2023.
• Anaemia in women (15–49 years) increased from 27.6% to 30.7% (2012–2023).
• Adult obesity rose from 12.1% to 15.8%.
• Minimum dietary diversity was met by one-third of children (6–23 months) and two-thirds of women.
India’s Profile in SOFI 2025
|
Indicator |
India’s Status |
|
Wasting (Children <5
years) |
·
About 18.7% (more than 21 million children) in 2024, which is the highest
in the world |
|
Stunting (Children
<5 years) |
·
About 37.4 million children under five are stunted, indicating chronic
undernutrition |
|
Anaemia (Women 15–49
years) |
·
About 53.7% (203 million women) were anaemic in 2023. ·
India had the highest prevalence, and
globally, it ranked fourth — only behind the African nations of Gabon, Mali
and Mauritania. |
|
Undernourishment |
·
In 2024, over 172 million people in India — 12% of the
population — were undernourished. ·
While India ranked 48th out of 204 countries globally, it had the 7th
highest proportion of undernourished people in Asia, after Syria,
Afghanistan, Timor-Leste, Pakistan, Iraq, and Jordan. |
|
Healthy Diet
Inaccessibility |
·
In 2024,
42.9 per cent of India's population could not afford a healthy diet. ·
The report
noted a steady rise in the cost of a healthy diet in India — from $2.77 PPP
(in purchasing power parity) per person per day in 2017 to $4.07 in 2024. |
|
Overweight Children |
·
Increased from 2.7 million (2012) to 4.2 million (2024) |
|
Obese Adults |
·
Increased from 33.6 million (2012) to 71.4 million (2024) |
Source:
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