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News Highlights provides you with the best compilation of the Daily News Highlights taking place across the globe: National, International, Sports, Science and Technology, Banking, Economy, Agreement, Appointments, Ranks, and Report and General Studies
1.
The flagship river-link irrigation project, which will provide a lifeline to 23 districts in Rajasthan, envisages the submergence of 37 sq km in the Ranthambhore tiger reserve effectively cutting it into two sections, according to project documents. The submergence will be caused by the largest dam proposed under the Parbati- Kalisindh-Chambal-Eastern. Rajasthan Canal Project (PKC- ERCP), which is part of the ambitious Interlinking of Rivers (ILR) program. The canal project is expected to channel surplus water of the Chambal river basin for irrigation, drinking and industrial use to 23 districts of Rajasthan, benefitting 3.45 crore people.-
2.
A day after the Bangladesh government summoned the Indian envoy in Dhaka, New Delhi summoned the Bangladesh Acting High Commissioner to India Nural Islam over" security measures at the border, including on fencing". An official statement from the Ministry of External Affairs said that it was conveyed that with regard to "security measures at the border, including on fencing, India observed all protocols and agreements between the two governments and between the Border Security Force and Border Guard Bangladesh". The statement said that India reiterated its "commitment to ensuring a crime-free border by effectively addressing the challenges of cross-border criminal activities, smuggling, movement of criminals and trafficking".
3.
Underlining that forest dwelling communities were protected from unlawful eviction under the Forest Protection Act, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs has directed the states to create an institutional mechanism to ensure compliance with the law and set up a mechanism to address grievances, it is learnt. The Ministry received representations from 52 gram sabhas in MP's Durgavati Tiger Reserve in December, following which it wrote to the state tribal development department to resolve the issue. The Ministry said that Section 4(2) of the FRA provides safeguards that make it imperative to obtain free, informed consent of gram sabhas in writing for relocation. The law also provides for settlement rights in the areas where the settlement is proposed.
4.
In 2024, when IMD stepped into its 150th year, it announced Mission Mausam, a programme to enhance its weather observational network on land, ocean, and poles, besides upgrading its weather model precision. According to the department, in the mission's first phase, planned till 2026, with an economic outlay of ₹2,000 crore, there are major plans to ramp up the observational network. Marking the IMD's 150th foundation day, PM will launch Mission Mausam. He will also release the IMD Vision-2047 document for weather resilience and climate change adaptation. It includes plans for weather forecasting, weather management and climate change mitigation, the PMO said.-
5.
The department of Biotechnology recently announced a new platform and framework for sharing its human genome dataset, sequenced under the Genome India project. Comprising 10,000 genome sequences of healthy individuals from 99 ethnic populations in the country, this dataset has helped create a baseline map of India's genetic diversity. The second phase of the project will see researchers sequence genomes of people with specific diseases. Every individual inherits from their parents an instruction manual that decides how their body develops and functions - from their height and the colour of their hair, to the diseases they may inherit or are predisposed to. This manual, known as the genome. With some 4,600 distinct populations spread across the country, India is genetically very diverse. The Genome India project, approved in 2020, aims to capture this diversity. Researchers from 20 scientific institutions have come together to sequence 10,000 genomes under the project - the Department of Biotechnology aims to eventually sequence up to a million genomes.
6.
The US government said it will issue a new regulation to regulate the flow of the most sophisticated US-designed Artificial Intelligence chips and technology to other countries. The rule will restrict the export of chips known as graphics processing units (GPUs). These are specialised processors originally created to accelerate graphics rendering. But beyond their gaming applications, the ability of GPUs-such as those built by US-based industry leader Nvidia to process different pieces of data simultaneously, has made them valuable for training and running Al models. To control global access to Al, the US is expanding restrictions on advanced GPUs used to train advanced Al models. The limits on GPUs for most countries in the new rule are set by compute power, to account for differences in individual chips. Total processing performance (TPP) is a metric used to measure the computational power of a chip. Under the regulation, countries with caps on compute power are restricted to a total of 790 million TPP through 2027.-
7.
Between 2011-12 and 2023-24 (April- March), India's domestic urea production has risen from 22 million tonnes (mt) to 31.4 mt, as imports have fallen from 7.8 mt to 7 mt after peaking at more than 9.8 mt in 2020-21. The current fiscal has so far seen a further 31.7% drop in imports (Table 1), which could end up below 5 mt-the lowest since the 4.7 mt of 2006-07. The increase in output is mainly due to six new plants-three of Hindustan Urvarak & Rasayan Ltd (HURL), and one each of Chambal Fertilisers & Chemicals, Matix Fertilisers & Chemicals and Ramagundam Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd (RFCL). These plants, which run on natural gas, together produced 7.55 mt of urea in 2023- 24 (Table 2). Three of them Matix, Chambal, and HURL-Gorakhpur - produced beyond their rated capacities in 2023-24. The new plants are located in the "new Green Revolution" areas of eastern Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand and Telangana.-
8.
The HC, which initiated suo motu proceedings on inaction by the Kerala government in the protection of animal rights, ordered that a captive elephant in a temple or festival should be kept at a distance of at least 3 metres from another elephant, 5 m from flaming torches, 8 m from the public and percussion displays, and 100 m from fireworks. A 2019 study by researchers from the Hyderabad-based Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) found that participating in long religious ceremonies put elephants under extreme stress, which could lead to hyperglycemia, suppression of immune responses, delayed wound- healing, and neuronal cell death. The study analysed the concentration of stress hormones-glucocorticoid metabolites-in 870 dung samples from 37 captive elephants and concluded that the concentration was higher in elephants that were chained and made to work longer hours than animals in zoos or forest camps.
9.
After breaching the upper threshold of the RBI's inflation targeting framework in October, inflation has trended lower in subsequent months. From 6.21 per cent in October, retail inflation fell to 5.48 per cent in November and, as per latest data from the National Statistics Office, has fallen further to 5.22 per cent in December. The dollar index, which measures its value relative to a basket of major currencies, is hovering around 110. Recent data points to the strength of the US labour market-non-farm payrolls rose by 2,56,000 in December, significantly exceeding expectations. This may mean that the US Federal Reserve will opt for even fewer rate cuts this year. The prospect of monetary policy remaining tight has led to the 10-year US bond yield rising further to 4.78 per cent.
10.
For most of last year, global temperature data sets had indicated that it was going to be the hottest on record. The European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service confirmed that the average temperature in 2024 was 1.6 degrees Celsius more than that of the pre-Industrial Revolution era-.1 per cent more than the record set in 2023. According to a UN Environment Programme (UNEP) stock-taking in October last year, if countries do not change course drastically, the world will see warming of more than 3 degrees Celsius by the end of the century. The UNEP study estimates that global emissions need to drop to about 42 per cent of the 2019 levels in the next 10 years to keep temperature rise below the Paris Pact threshold.
11.
Apart from being a moral issue, distribution of national income determines the composition of aggregate demand and hence, the allocation of resources to different production processes, which, in turn. The only direct source of information about income distribution in India is survey- based PRICE ICE360 data. It shows that income inequality has decreased in recent years, and the middle class has expanded. However, headlines claim that income inequality is rising. Most such claims focus on the income shares of the richest 1 per cent, as estimated by the World Inequality Lab (WIL). Little attention is paid to its nature and limitations.-
12.
Retail inflation continued with its softening trend for the second month in a row in December, easing to a four-month low of 5.22 per cent from 5.48 per cent in the previous month, as prices of food items, including pulses and vegetables, continued to moderate, data released by National Statistics Office (NSO). Food inflation, based on the Consumer Food Price Index (CFPI), eased to a four-month low of 8.39 per cent in December from 9.04 per cent in the previous month, the data showed.-
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