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News Highlights provides you with the best compilation of the Daily News Highlights taking place across the globe: National, International, Sports, Science and Technology, Banking, Economy, Agreement, Appointments, Ranks, and Report and General Studies
1.
An early-morning earthquake in Tibet of magnitude 7.1 and originating at a depth of 10 km has reportedly claimed at least 100 lives and damaged buildings and houses. The tectonic plates are the gigantic shards into which Earth is broken up. Layered on them are the continents and the seas. These plates are constantly in motion - colliding with, diverging with, or sliding past one another. The Indian plate collided with the Eurasian plate and the crust tilted upwards, creating the Himalayas. The fractured zones along which they interact create the fault lines where earthquakes occur. By studying these faults and the pattern of past earthquakes, seismologists can estimate how much latent energy at these fault lines, which can run thousands of miles, has been released and how much of it still resides in them.
2.
The Supreme Court, in Rajive Raturi v. Union of India (2024), held Rule 15 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Rules, 2017, violative of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. The Court reasoned that the Rule was drafted in a discretionary tone whereas the corresponding provisions (Sections 40, 44, 45, 46, 89) in the Act imposed a mandatory obligation for the government. The Court observed that these guidelines allowed discretion to the ministries and departments, which is antithetical to the mandatory language of the Act. Moreover, striking down Rule 15 also meant that the accessibility guidelines notified under the Rule lost their statutory authority. As a result, the Court gave the government three months to develop minimum mandatory accessibility requirements to govern all the sectors.
3.
The Rajasthan High Court, in Tejender Pal Singh v. State of Rajasthan (2024), cautioned against using Section 152 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) as a tool to stifle legitimate dissent. In 2022, before the BNS was enacted, the Supreme Court had suspended pending criminal trials and court proceedings under Section 124A (sedition) of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) until the government reconsidered the law. First, Section 152 BNS criminalises 'acts endangering the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.' However, what constitutes such endangerment under Section 152 has not been defined in the statute. Second, the term 'knowingly' in Section 152 substantially lowers the threshold for commission of the offence, especially in the context of social media.
4.
The first advance estimates of India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2024-25, released by the National Statistics Office (NSO) this week, shows a decline in the real GDP growth rate to 6.4% from 8.2% registered in 2023-24. This is lower than the 6.5 to 7% range projected by the Economic Survey in July 2024. The growth rate of nominal GDP, which is the sum of the real GDP growth rate and the overall inflation rate, is estimated at 9.7% in 2024-25 - significantly lower than the 10.5% growth rate projected in the last Union Budget. An "Informational Annex" to the 2023 IMF Staff consultation report on India had inter alia noted that, "...the compilation of constant price GDP deviate from the conceptual requirements of the national accounts, in part due to the use of the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) as a deflator for many economic activities.
5.
Supreme Court judge Justice B.R. Gavai said the ball was in the courts of the legislature and the government to take a call on whether the 'creamy layer' of Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) beneficiaries of reservation in education and public service must be excluded from quota benefits. The court was hearing a writ petition filed by Santosh Malviya, seeking a di- rection to the States, departments and public sector undertakings for "immediate cessation of reservation benefits being extended to the 'creamy layer' within the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes".
6.
The Supreme Court held that unauthorised business of procuring and supplying railway e-tickets is a "social crime" which must be stopped in its tracks and criminal action should be prompt as the national economy is affected. The verdict by a Bench headed by Justice Dipankar Datta came on two appeals from the Kerala High Court regarding procurement and supply of e-tickets. The case revolved around the provision of Section 143 of the Railways Act, 1989 which restricts entities which are not under the disciplinary control of or are not authorised by the Railways to conduct the business of procurement and supply of tickets. Section 143, a penal provision, was enacted to tackle a social crime, the court said.
7.
India has completed and made available a year-long compilation of 10,000 human genomes representing 83 population groups, making up about 2% of the country's 4,600 population groups, as a database. This collection will serve as a template of future investigations into disease and drug therapy. A first analysis of the genomes estimates around 27 million low-frequency (or relatively rare) variants, with 7 million of them not found in similar reference databases around the world. Certain population groups show higher frequencies of alleles, or different versions of the same gene. Over the last two decades, many countries have created databases of the genomes of their population – for a variety of purposes including estimating disease risks, adverse drug reactions, establishing genealogy and DNA-profiling databases.
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