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News Highlights provides you with the best compilation of the Daily News Highlights taking place across the globe: National, International, Sports, Science and Technology, Banking, Economy, Agreement, Appointments, Ranks, and Report and General Studies
1.
FROM MORE hostels and washrooms for female students to their own sports teams - a silent revolution has been taking shape at the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) over the last six years, ever since a supernumerary quota of 20% was set aside for women. The quota, under which extra seats were created instead of reserving them in the existing pool, was implemented in 2018 based on the recommendations of a committee led by then IIT- Mandi Director Timothy Gonsalves. The Right to Information (RTI) Act from 21 of the 23 IT's reveals a steady increase in the number of women entering these prestigious institutes.
2.
TAKING COGNISANCE of petitions and complaints from 52 villages, the Union Tribal Affairs Ministry has directed the Madhya Pradesh government to act on alleged breaches of forest rights and attempts at forceful eviction in and around the state's newest tiger reserve. The Centre wrote to the Madhya Pradesh Tribal Welfare Department after receiving representations from the gram sabhas in Damoh, Narsinghpur and Sagar districts, it is learnt. The residents alleged that af- ter the Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve was notified in September 2023, forest rights claims were denied and they were pushed to relocate outside the reserve forcefully, in viola- tion of the Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, and the Wildlife Protection Act (WLPA), 2006.
3.
Last week union Labour Minister Mansukh Mandaviya sought to highlight the NDA government's job creation, drawing a comparison with the record on employment of the Congress-led UPA government. The total number of employed people in India increased from 47 crore in 2014-15 to 64 crore by the end of 2023-24, the minister said. That's an increase of 17 crore (or 36 per cent) far in excess of the 2.9 crore new jobs (signifying an increase of just 7 per cent) during the preceding decade, 2004 to 2014, under UPA rule. He underlined that since 2017-18, the un-employment rate has fallen while the employment rate (or worker population ratio or WPR) as well as labour force participation rate have risen steadily.
4.
The Ministry of Labour & Employment (MoL&E) recently claimed that, with over 300 million workers registered, the e-Shram portal is the largest database of unorganised workers in the world. The Supreme Court of India had directed the Union government to build a national database of workers. Subsequently, the e-Shram Portal was started by the MoL&E in May 2021 with the objective of creating a national database of this labour force. However, the need to maintain the data of migrants and unorganised workers was identified and recommended much earlier. For instance, the Interstate Migrant Workmen Act (1979) mandated that every labour contractor obtain a licence from the specified authority and provide the particulars of interstate workers employed to the authorities. From the filed references on e-Shram registration, it was realised that many migrant unorganised workers face eligibility exclusion due to inadequate documentation and identity proofs. Some migrant workers don't even have an Aadhaar card or ration card. Some don't have permanent mobile phones, others lack permanent numbers, and sometimes the mobile number is not linked to their Aadhaar card. They remain non-eligible to register even at the e-Shram portal. In the absence of identity documents, the institutional mechanism of social security keeps them excluded. This is a significant barrier to the universalisation of access to social security
5.
An important common thread between the two administrations has been the US policy to strengthen the strategic partnership with India. Trump's articulation of a new Indo-Pacific framework provided, for the first time, a solid regional anchor for India-US cooperation. The Biden Administration doubled down on the Indo-Pacific strategy and the centrality of India's role in securing a regional balance of power in Asia and its waters. The Trump years saw the revival of the Quadrilateral Security Forum - which brings the US together with Australia, India, and Japan - and framed it as the institutional anchor for the new Indo- Pacific region. Biden elevated the Quad to summit level and frequent meetings have provided a solid basis for expanding regional security cooperation between the four nations. Finally, if Trump responded positively to Indian requests for liberalisation of advanced technology transfers to India, Biden constructed a comprehensive bilateral Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (ICET) in January 2023.
6.
AFTER WORSENING in the after- math of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020-21, income inequality in India has reduced in 2022-23, suggesting effective post-pandemic recovery measures, a working paper released by the People Research on India's Consumer Economy (PRICE) showed. While economic growth has been achieved, income inequality has seen periods of both improvement and deterioration. The Gini index improved from 0.463 post- independence to 0.367 in 2015-16 but worsened to 0.506 by 2020- 21 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and then improved again to 0.410 in 2022-23. The Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income or consumption among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
7.
The government will launch another round of produc- tion-linked incentive scheme for the steel sector. "Union Minister of Steel and Heavy Industries...will launch 'PLI scheme 1.1' for the steel industry and call for applications." the steel ministry said in a statement. To encourage domestic production of specialty steel and lower imports by drawing in capital investments, the government had earlier introduced the PLI scheme for specialty steel. The scheme has attracted investments worth Rs 27,106 crore, envisaging creation of 14,760 direct employment opportunities with an estimated production of 7.90 million tonnes of specialty steel.
8.
THE ARUNACHAL PRADESH government is working to bring a 1978 law against "forceful" conversion out of cold storage by framing rules for its implementation, 46 years after it was enacted. The law, enacted by the then Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh's first Legislative Assembly, prohibits religious conversion "by use of force or inducement or by fraudulent means". It entails punishment of imprisonment for up to two years and a fine of up to Rs 10,000 for the offence of "converting or attempting to convert" forcefully "from one religious faith to another faith." The Monpas and Sherdukpens of West Arunachal Pradesh bordering Tibet and Bhutan practise Mahayana Buddhism, while the Khamptis and Singphos in Eastern Arunachal practise Theravada Buddhism. Many other tribes engage in polytheistic nature and ancestor worship. Of these, the worship of Donyi Polo in particular - practised by the Tani group of tribes comprising the Nyishis, Adis, Apatanis, Galos, Misings and Tagins has taken an institutionalised form over the years.
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